02 / WALLETS & CUSTODY

Know what controls your crypto.

A wallet is a way to interact with your assets. The important questions are who can authorize a transaction, which networks are supported, and how access is recovered.

Start with custody

With self-custody, you are responsible for the credentials that authorize activity. With a custodial service, the provider controls access to the underlying assets according to its systems and terms. An account password and a private key are different things, and their recovery paths are different too.

Before choosing an arrangement, ask who can move funds, what happens if the provider stops operating, and how you would recover from losing a device. Those questions are more useful than comparing app screens alone.

Compare the main wallet types

Wallet arrangementUseful characteristicTradeoff to understand
Custodial accountProvider handles the signing infrastructureAccess depends on the provider and its withdrawal rules
Software self-custodyConvenient interaction with supported applicationsDevice compromise and unsafe approvals can expose assets
Hardware signerDesigned to isolate keys from general-purpose softwareRecovery and transaction verification still depend on you

A hardware device does not make every transaction safe. If you authorize a harmful transaction or disclose recovery material, isolating the key does not undo that decision. Read the full altcoin wallet comparison for the practical differences.

Check compatibility before moving funds

Confirm the blockchain, the exact asset, the receiving address, and any memo or destination tag required by a service. A wallet may display assets on several networks without making those networks interchangeable. Bridging and ordinary transfers are different operations.

Review the network guide and keep enough of the required fee asset for later transactions. A successful incoming transfer does not necessarily mean you can send the asset back without additional fees or setup.

Make recovery part of the setup

Write a recovery plan before relying on a new wallet. Identify what must be preserved, where backups are stored, and how to check recovery without exposing secrets. A recovery phrase can provide control of assets; it belongs outside email, shared documents, chat messages, and support requests.

Some wallet designs use recovery methods other than a familiar word phrase. Read the documentation for the exact product and version you use. The recovery security guide covers how to think about backups, physical access, and recovery checks.

Use a repeatable transaction review

  • Open the destination through a known, verified path.
  • Check the selected account, network, recipient, and amount.
  • Read the requested action. A spending approval is not the same as a transfer.
  • Review fees and make sure the transaction matches your intent.
  • Keep the transaction identifier for checking progress on the correct network.

For further context, read about network fees and common security failure points. Pause when a request is unfamiliar; convenience does not require accepting every prompt.

Source: Ethereum’s wallet introduction explains wallets as tools for interacting with an account and applications. Support varies by wallet and network.

Better questions. Clearer understanding.

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